A battle is already underway in cybersecurity—a race against time to secure digital infrastructures before quantum computing renders today’s encryption obsolete. While the exact timeline remains uncertain, the threat is inevitable. Governments, enterprises, and security vendors must act now to safeguard critical systems before adversaries exploit emerging vulnerabilities.

The transition to quantum-safe security presents both technological, operational and strategic challenges. Everyone must secure vast, fragmented cryptographic infrastructures, while security vendors must develop the right tools and strategies to enable a smooth migration. At the centre of this are two key strategies: Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD).

Networks, especially Wide Area Networks (WANs) like telecoms, underpin global communications and are prime targets for quantum threats. Securing WAN infrastructure with quantum-safe cryptographic solutions is essential for maintaining data integrity and confidentiality in transit across enterprises, cloud environments, and international networks.

The report outlines the quantum security challenge, covering the risks, regulatory landscape, industry vulnerabilities, and the role of security vendors in shaping the future of cybersecurity. It provides a foundational understanding for decision-makers to mitigate risks, seize opportunities, and build long-term digital resilience.

Appledore Research expects the PQC and QKD markets to grow rapidly over the next 8 years, becoming fundamental pillars of cybersecurity resilience.