IBM is focusing on the higher level layers of the “Cloud Management stack”. This includes service catalogs and service workflow orchestration. IBM Cloud Orchestrator (ICO) is a IT process management server, service orchestration engine, and “patterns engine”. The Pattern Engine is included in ICO. IBM has over 250 patterns for workload orchestration (i.e. Openstack IaaS, WebSphere, Juniper, F5, SQL Server, Email, Web Services, etc.…) IBM has a solid service assurance product portfolio comprising Tivoli Netcool, The Now Factory, Tivoli Netcool Performance Management, and Cognos for customer experience management. IBM is a strong proponent of Openstack and embeds open source in the ICO in the VIM.